In Star Wars The Old Republic, every class gets access to a lot of great abilities and specializations. If you have not already heard, the SWTOR Trooper has access to a few of these specs.
The first thing that you will find out is that the Trooper’s basic class is a ranged fighter which uses its blaster in order to fight its opponents. It can use a few things like rockets and grenades as well. It does not have a jetpack though as that is exclusive to the Bounty Hunter.
On top of that, you will learn that there are two advanced specializations for the Trooper. These are the Commando and the Vanguard. Players can pick either one and you pick very early on in the game which class you actually want to stick with.

The Commando itself actually has two different talent specializations: Gunnery and Combat Medic. As you might expect, Gunnery uses guns, and it allows the Commando to hold that giant trademark Assault Cannon which has to be held at arm’s length since it is so big.
The Combat Medic on the other hand is a full-fledged healer. It was no doubt a bit of a stretch to come up with enough abilities to make this class a healer, but they have given it abilites like “Trauma Probe” which follows players around and heals them for small amounts, making it a heal over time spell. They also have healing grenades and things like that which heal more directly.
In addition to the Commando Spec, Troopers can also try out the Vanguard advanced class. This class has two choices: Shield Specialist or tactics. The Shield Specialist class is a tank. It allows the Trooper to become a full-fledged tank so it can soak up a lot of damage.
The tactics specialization on the other hand allows the Trooper to become a melee class. I do not know too much about this but it seems like it will do melee damage. I think this is more to give the Vanguard a good off spec as I feel like it is too unusual to be a good real specialization.